Class 10 Science Chapter 8
Heredity
Important Questions

Here are some critical Chapter 8 Heredity Problems for Class 10 Science. These inquiries are intended to aid students in studying for and performing well on the CBSE Class 10 Science Examination 2023–24. Students can clear up their concerns and be ready for the exams by practising different types of questions. By answering these questions, you'll increase your confidence while also sharpening your problem-solving abilities.

Table of Content

• Introduction
• Class 10 Heredity Important Questions and Answers
• CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter wise Important Questions
• Conclusion
• Frequently Asked Questions

 Introduction

In Chapter 8 of Class 10 Science, "Heredity," students delve into the intricate realm of genetic inheritance. This chapter elucidates the accumulation of variations that occur during reproduction, leading to the diversity observed in species. It also delves into the concept of heredity, unveiling the transmission of traits from one generation to the next, and sheds light on the mechanisms underlying the continuity of characteristics in living organisms.

Class 10 Heredity Important Questions and Answers

Q1. If a round, green seeded pea plant (RRyy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow seeded pea plant (rrYY), the seeds produced in F1 generation are:

Options

(a) Round and yellow
(b) Round and green
(c) Wrinkled and green
(d) Wrinkled and yellow

Ans. (a)

Explanation:
The cross between RRyy and rrYY seeds will produce RrYy (round and yellow) seeds in F1, generation, because round and yellow are dominant traits

Q2. Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes:
(i) Genes are specific sequences of bases in a DNA molecule.
(ii) A gene does not code for proteins.
(iii) In individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome.
(iv) Each chromosome has only one gene.

Options

(a) (i), (ii)
(b) (i), (iii)
(c) (i), (iv)
(d) (ii), (iv)

Ans. (b)

Explanation:
Gene is a particular sequence of DNA, that codes for a particular protein and is present on a particular location on a given chromosome. Genes are located on chromosomes, which usually carry many genes. All the members of a species have the same (not identical) genes located on the same chromosome. Thus, gene sequence remains the same on the chromosomes in different individuals of a species.

Q3. What is the difference between Recessive and Dominant Traits.

Explanation:‍

Q4. If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and trait B exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?

Explanation:
Trait B would have arisen earlier than trait A because as species are asexually reproducing, there would be very minor differences generated due to small inaccuracies in DNA copying which results in variations in trait A. But as trait B occurs in more numbers in the population as compared to trait A so Trait B would have arisen earlier than trait A.

Q5. Give the cross between RRYY x rryy for both F1 and F2 generation? What are the combinations of characters produced in the F2 generation and give reasons for the appearance of new progeny?

Explanation:
The contrasting traits segregate and inherit independently and results in the formation of new combinations of characters.The flowers of pea plants are hermaphrodite, i.e flowers have bisexual characteristics. Easy to obtain pure breed plants through self fertilisation.The generation time of pea plants is less.They have excellent disease resistance and have an optimal rate of survival.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter wise Important Questions

Conclusion

oswal.io offers a thorough set of questions for learning the topic in a better way if you're looking to further practise and improve your grasp of the concepts covered in the chapter.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What does the Law of Segregation state in heredity?

Ans: The law of segregation states that each individual that is a diploid has a pair of alleles (copies) for a particular trait.

Q2: All the variations in a species do not have equal chances of survival. Why?

Ans: All the variations do not have equal chances of survival in the environment in which they live. Depending on the nature of variations, different individuals would have different kinds of advantages. The organisms which are most adapted to the environment will survive.

Q3: “Only variations that confer an advantage to an individual organism will survive in a population.” Justify this statement.

Ans: Variations are the structural, functional or behavioural changes from the normal characters developed in the living organisms. Inheritable variations participate in evolution. According to Darwin, natural selection sorts out individuals with favourable variations. Such organisms will survive, reproduce more and thus, will leave more progenies. Hence, useful variations get established in nature.

Q4: A Mendelian experiment consisted of breeding pea plants bearing violet flowers with pea plants bearing white flowers. What will be the result in F1 progeny?

Ans: According to the Mendelian experiment, violet colour (VV) is a dominant trait while white colour (ww) is a recessive trait. Hence, the colour of the flower in F1 progeny will be violet (Vw).

Q5: Name the information source for making proteins in the cells.

Ans: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) present in the chromosomes of cell nucleus is the information source for making proteins.